Bursitis :: essays research papers fc

Bursitis Does it hurt to move your arm? Is it delicate and emanating agony to your neck and fingertips? Do you have a fever? On the off chance that you addressed yes to at least two of these questions then you may have regular joint injury called bursitis. Bursitis is an aggravation of the bursa that is effectively forestalled, identified and rewarded. Bursitis is a typical condition that can cause a lot of torment and expanding around an influenced bursa. A bursa is a sac between body tissues that move against each other. They are loaded up with a greasing up fluid to limit the fiction between the tissues. The bursa are found generally in joints among skin and bone or bone what's more, ligaments. At the point when you disturb these greasing up sacs, the bursae load up with liquid and become aggravated and kindled. This irritation causes serious torment with development of the joint, frequently constraining the development of the influenced zone. Bursitis regularly strikes in the shoulders, elbows, knees, pelvis, hips or Achilles ligaments. Bursitis can influence about anybody for any number of reasons. It influences for the most part grown-ups both male and female. The people most in danger are individuals who take part in extreme and inappropriate extending and individuals who are included vigorously in athletic preparing. Bursitis can be brought about by numerous things. For one, it very well may be brought about by injury or abuse of a joint. Exhausting new practice likewise can cause Bursitis. Also, such infections as gout, joint inflammation, and incessant contamination of a joint can be likely causes. Be that as it may, habitually the reason for Bursitis can not be resolved. The main approaches to forestall getting it are to wear defensive rigging while exorcizing, practice fitting warm ups and cool downs during exercise and to keep up a high wellness level. Bursitis is a without any problem treatable infection. On the off chance that you presume that you have bursitis, you will most likely look for the counsel of a specialist. In all probability the specialist will take a gander at your clinical history and take some x-beams. On the off chance that you are determined to have bursitis the specialist may endorse some non-steroidal calming drugs as well as torment relievers and may make some cortisone infusions into the bursa to mitigate aggravation. Once at home you are normal rest the influenced zone however much as could reasonably be expected and to apply RICE ( rest, ice, pressure and height of the excited joint). Likewise to keep the joint from freezing you should start moving and practicing the influenced territory as quickly as time permits. In all probability the difficult will die down in 7 to

Intolerance in to Kill a Mockingbird free essay sample

The subject of narrow mindedness is completely investigated on account of Tom Robinson and the basic prejudice appeared in the treatment of him. Prejudice is met by each of the three fundamental characters, Scout, Atticus and Jem however is understanding by numerous individuals of the other supporting characters. There was nobody sort of bigoted individual; they all originated from various foundation, which is declaration to the point of the book ‘You never truly comprehend an individual until you think about things from his place of perspectives. ’ This statement shows that you have no clue why an individual does what they do until you experience things from their perspective. This thought is the reason the preliminary occurred, and clarifies why Tom was blamed for assaulting Mayella. The prejudice appeared in Maycomb has been a piece of the town for quite a while and is imbued in the society’s attitude. †¦I trust and supplicate I can get Jem and Scout thr ough it without sharpness, and a large portion of all, without coming down with Maycomb’s regular sickness. We will compose a custom paper test on Narrow mindedness in to Kill a Mockingbird or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page ’ When Atticus says common ailment he is alluding to his encounters in Maycomb ‘Why sensible individuals go absolutely crazy when anything including a Negro comes up, is something I dont claim to understand’. This shows from what Atticus can see regardless of what occurs if something turns out badly with a dark individual in Maycomb the individuals will go insane until they get their way with them whether that be in preliminary or assault. What's more, because of what is said before we accept it has consistently been like this which would clarify why in the novel we perceive how a person’s race can turn someone else against them without any justifiable cause however that they had grown up that way and accepting they are unrivaled. In the novel we perceive how an honest man is utilized as an object of rise to move an unreliable man forward in the judgemental society he lives in. This is finished with Bob Ewell and Mayella blaming Tom Robinson for assaulting Mayella regardless of it being close to outlandish. Weave Ewell indicts Tom since he is discontent with his situation in the public arena and he and his family are portrayed as grimy people and uneducated and sees the delight Tom has throughout his life as a chance to move himself by speaking to Maycomb’s sentiments towards Black individuals. We realize that this will generally be genuine when Bob says something in court that is hostile to speak to the white society, ‘†¦I seen that dark nigger there ruttin’ on my Mayella! ’ after that an excitement starts significance Bob prevailing in his arrangement. This thought of moving yourself y bringing another person down presentations that Bob knows since he is white and Tom is Black he will have the help of the dominant part, in actuality even relatives of Atticus bolster him. All through the novel Atticus and his family are judged and censured for protecting a dark man, for instance the consistent remarks coordinated to the youngsters by Mrs Dubose ‘â € ¦Not just a Finch looking out for tables however one in the town hall lawing for niggers! ’ This shows people in general object to their activities however they are not the only one. Since they experienced childhood in Maycomb and didn’t develop as an individual like Atticus we see his own family assault and censure Atticus, ‘I can’t state I endorse of all that he does. ’ This statements shows that in any event, living with Atticus and seeing why he does what he manages without being raised by him Alexandra still shows he narrow minded perspectives however she is less harsh than she was toward the start of the book ‘’ so we expect she is beginning to come and see his ways we realize she was completely against him as her own child had gotten on her utilization of the term ‘†¦nigger-sweetheart. This shows when an individual is presented to presence of mind and a reasonable perspective on all individuals they can start to change. At last all through Harper Lee’s tale, we see that in spite of what is acceptable and right most of individuals in the town are narrow minded to dark individuals since that is the wa y they were raised. We witness the development of numerous characters in the novel from their perspectives to another specifically Alexandra at long last starts to perceive any reason why her convictions were terrible however we likewise observe Atticus’s youngsters start to see all that isn't right with society. That as well as we witness individuals exploit individuals for their own benefits disregarding all sound and reasonable considerations. To Kill a Mockingbird is a tale about individuals no understanding why individuals do what they do, which identifies with the focal statements of the novel, book ‘You never truly comprehend an individual until you think about things from his place of perspectives. ’ Harry Adam.

My 4 Favorite Digital Literacy Articles of 2017

My 4 Favorite Digital Literacy Articles of 2017 (1) If every word published and uttered in the media this year could be encapsulated into a giant Wordle, two words would be dominating all othersâ€"those words are Fake News. Collins Dictionary announced that its word of the year for 2017 is, you guessed it, fake news! As defined by Collins, ‘fake news’ means “false, often sensational, information disseminated under the guise of news reporting. The word saw an unprecedented usage increase 365% since 2016 on the Collins site. It is no wonder that when I sat down to consider my favorite digital literacy articles of 2017, I noticed a common thread. Three dealt with the very real reality of fake news. As a library media specialist and an educator, I am keenly aware of the need to build digital literacy into what I teach. I see this article as a retrospective of 2017 through the lens of digital literacy. Three of the articles center around the theme of fake news, the other deals with virtual anxiety. In addition to the articles, I also present a novel way of motivating students to get into the frame of mind for media appraisal. 5 Takeaways from News Literacy EdCamp by Michele Kirschenbaum / We educators need to keep in the know through professional development. In August, Library Media Specialist Michele Kirschenbaum (in-house librarian at and author of articles on APA format, MLA format, what is a bibliography, and other articles)  did just that by attending a News Literacy EdCamp sponsored by the News Literacy Project and Time Magazine. As a follow up, she wrote this great article that highlights key takeaways that are the most useful for use in the classroom or library. For instance, in the article, Kirschenbaum discusses the differences between fake news, misinformation, and propaganda. The term ‘fake news’ is constantly misused, so this article provides easy to understand definitions of all three. She then talks about bias and neutrality in the media and presents ways students can take a step back from the article to consider the author’s point of view. The rest of the author’s takeaways deal with practical ways students can build their fake news detection and handling skills. Learning by doing is a fantastic way to authenticate the learning process. Why not have students create their own fake news? My favorite takeaway in this article was about CloneZone. On the site, users can manipulate and edit any website’s text and upload his/her own visual content. The user can then create a URL and share the cloned page far and wide. First, this is totally scary. Second, what an amazing way for students to really question what they consume and internalize the sophistication for producing fake documents that have a ring of truth. Third, this is TOTALLY SCARY! Learning to Spot Fake News: Start With a Gut Check by Anya Kamenetz / NPR Something that is barely discussed in teaching circles is the idea of intuition, and how we can develop students’ awareness when something just does not feel right. My next favorite article of 2017 is one from NPR that deals with learning to spot fake news by using a ‘gut check.’ The article talks about an educational initiative that will be introduced in 10 universities across the country whose goal is to teach students to classify “facts” they read as trustworthy or untrustworthy. Reporter Anya Kamenetz interviewed news literacy expert Mike Caulfield, director of Blended and Networked Learning at Washington State University in Vancouver, about the project and his belief that we need a different approach to teaching digital literacy. In the article, Caufield says that rather than focusing on close reading, students need to think like a ‘“fact checker,” who usually gets to the truth of an issue in 60 to 90 seconds. According to Caufield, fact-checkers read laterally, opening tabs on their screen to search and vet information presented in an article. This live-fact checking helps to produce a feeling of credibility or incredulity. Aiding in this appraisal is a gut check. In the article, Caufield also argues that one of the most important weapons of fact-checking comes from our ‘lizard-brain.’ When you feel strong emotionâ€"happiness, anger, pride, vindicationâ€"and that emotion pushes you to share a fact with others, STOP.   This is simple but powerful advice. Evaluating Source in a ‘Post-Truth’ World: Ideas for Teaching and Learning About Fake News by Katherine Schulten and Amanda Christy Brown / The New York Times My next favorite is not an article at all, but a fantastic lesson plan created by The New York Times. Suitable for middle school to high school and beyond, this lesson covers the evaluation of sources in a ‘post truth’ world. It provides thoughtful approaches to teaching and learning about fake news. I particularly like how the lesson is broken down into different ‘problems,’ such as understanding different types of unreliable news, the effects of fake news on democracy, as well as a case study in how fake news spreads. The first problem, and the most important to me, is the question, why does this matter? This problem provides the framework for the rest of them. The resources provided in the lesson are well-curated and certainly useful for educators own knowledge or broadening the scope presented here. Virtual Anxiety: The Disturbing New Reality of Life Online by Olivia Sudjic / CNN The next article is something of a departure from digital literacy for classroom purposes, but certainly worthy of note. The article appeared on CNN Style and tackles the disturbing new reality of life online and it is aptly titled Virtual Anxiety. The author is Olivia Sudjic, a London-based novelist and her debut novel Sympathy looks at the dangers of living our lives online. Sudjic starts and ends the article by referring to Tim Berners-Lee, the English computer scientist and inventor of the World Wide Web. In her estimation, “The Internet promised transcendence of the physical, but has developed into a no mans land where incomprehension, lack of ethics and insufficient regulation meet. This lawlessness at once part of its appeal and its central problem.” I very much like how she points out that in the World Wide Web’s quest to personalize the information that we get, it has, in essence depersonalized us. When we look at ourselves through the lens that the web has created for us and about us, it is almost as if we are looking at a digital doppelganger. A representation of who we are based on our digital footprint. “My life feels as if its not mine at all. I feel like a voyeur pressing my face against the screen of someone elses device, or looking down on myself from above.” Indeed, there is much in this article for both students and educators to ponder and reflect upon. Thoughtful Activity: Hoax Websites My last resource is not an article or a lesson, but instead a great way to build motivation and to provide a solid jumping off point for discussions surrounding satire and how fake news can be an art form. Enter Joseph Reginella, an artist and sculptor from my hometown of Staten Island, and a dear friend’s husband. While on a day trip aboard the Staten Island Ferry with his nephew visiting from Florida, Reginella was inundated with questions. His nephew’s question, “Has the ferry ever sunk?” caused him to come up with the entirely fake but awesome story of a giant octopus taking over the ferry and pulling it down to its underwater lair, leaving no survivors. Told partially to tantalize the boy and partially to get a respite from the inquisition, an idea was born. Starting with a large scale sculpture of the moment of cephalopodic doom, the idea took off into a documentary, a website and became something of an urban legend around here. I narrate the short film that was created to accompany the sculpture. The reaction to this hoax was widespread and positive as educators across the country delighted in how the site had a credible veneer that was clearly fake once you scratched the surface. The site inspired Reginella to dream up another hoax news story, The Brooklyn Bridge Elephant Stampede, the “most horrific land mammal massacre in United States history.” The sites also “reason” that it is perfectly natural not to have heard about these two disasters as Reginella chose two historically significant dates (assassination of JFK and the Stock Market Crash, respectively) as a foil for their lack of coverage in the media. I provide the narration for this documentary as well. I have actually used both of these documentaries and websites to test kids’ instincts about what is credible and what is not. In my experience, these resources opened discussions on classifying news and frameworks, as well as about how to properly appraise media. The websites and accompanying media certainly look very factual, are well produced, and provide inroads for students to think critically about what they read and see and compare it to the ‘yardstick of credulity’ I aim to teach.  [Note: The Ferry Octopus documentary contains profanity. The F-word is used by an actor at 1:28. It is “eye-witness testimony” of the event. If you pause, pick up again at 1:33.] It is obvious with a world such as the one in which we live, our jobs as educators are more important than ever. In a time of post-truth and fake news, literacy and critical thinking skills have never had such significance. As we breathe, eat, and sleep, so must we read, appraise, and critically think. Here’s to 2018! The bibliography linked below was done using . Cite in MLA for free! Need APA style or Chicago manual of style? Use our online guides or subscribe to EasyBib Plus for access to citation styles. Bibliography: http://www.easybib.com/public/list/key/223a94

How the Cold War Affected Africa Free Essay Example, 1000 words

Economic discrimination was a characteristic where non-whites were prohibited from acquiring certain jobs. Diplomas and certificates were also more issued to the whites than the South Africans and the Indians in the country. Moreover, political deprivation was also evident with laws banning any South African from political participation. The state applied apartheid laws by referring to them every time an action contrary to the laws was committed. This happened especially against the South Africans in the area since most of the laws and acts enacted were directed towards them. The state referred to the laws before taking disciplinary action against the South Africans who went against the enacted laws. For instance, the late Nelson Mandela was imprisoned for going against the criminal law amendment act. This law ensured that every individual who advocated for the aims of communism was prosecuted. Thus, these laws made it easier for the state to take actions against the individuals goi ng against the set laws and regulations. Before the cold war, most African countries received large economic aides from superpowers. However, these aides decreased after the cold war. Now, these countries were desperately looking for new aides and friends. We will write a custom essay sample on How the Cold War Affected Africa or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

Importance Of Image Preprocessing - 1204 Words

3.2.1 Preprocessing Image preprocessing activity is compulsory for obvious reason that satellite images are subject to various distortions. Preprocessing activities such as image sub-setting or clipping by the study area, re-projection, and image panning or resolution merge are performed for all images in order for all images be ready for use. Preprocessed level 1 Satellite images were obtained from NASA Earth Explorer web site for this study. The images were downloaded from USGS Landsat archive web site and layer stacked after extracting the compiled file. Image selection and preference of seasons was based on, one for its free availability of the data and the other it was free from cloud coverage. After data acquisition, image to†¦show more content†¦Hyperspectral Color Sharpening was first designed for WorldView 2 sensor 8 band data, but the algorism works with any multispectral data containing 3 bands or more. Hence, after all the processes, a better 5m resolution images were generated for each year that are found to be better interpretable. Therefore, all preprocessing activities helped a lot to get a better quality image which improves the interpretation and classification processes in the later stages. 3.2.2 Image Classification After all the pre-processing activities, one of the actual work of the study is image classification which is the basis for change detection activity. Classification is one of the seven change detection mechanisms and supervised classification was employed for this study. Supervised classification requires the selection of training areas to get accurate classification output. It is profoundly based on the quality and quantity of training samples to produce good quality classification results. Fig 3.4 Landsat images after preprocessed and pan sharpened with SPOT 5 image. In supervised classification, identifying feature cover types, selecting high-quality and sufficiently numerous training sample sets is the time consuming and one of the major challenges that the investigators face during digital imageShow MoreRelatedEmotion Detection Using Sobel Filtering And Retrieving With Sparse Code Words2097 Words   |  9 PagesAurangabad, Maharashtra ABSTRACT : Extracting and understanding of emotion is of high importance for the interaction among human and machine communication systems. The most expressive way to display the human’s emotion is through facial expression analysis. This paper presents and implements an automatic extraction of facial expression and emotion from still image. There are steps to detect the facial emotion; (1) Preprocessing,skin color segmentation and edge detection using Sobel filtering and (2) VerifyingRead MoreTypes of Image Compression for Medical Imaging Essay1480 Words   |  6 PagesMedical imaging, as we all know, is the process of taking images of various parts of the human body for diagnostic and surgical purposes. Some of the popular medical imaging modalities are X-ray radiography, Magnetic resonance imaging, Medical ultrasound, Computed tomography etc. Since, these images contain clinical data of extreme importance for treatment follow-ups and are acquired at cost of radiation exposure, infr astructure, money and time involved. Thus, once acquired, the medical imaging dataRead MoreTaking a Look at Image Processing3018 Words   |  12 Pages Image Processing is a technique to enhance raw images received from cameras/sensors placed on satellites, space probes and aircrafts or pictures taken in normal day-today life for various applications. Various techniques have been developed in Image Processing during the last four to five decades. Most of the techniques are developed for enhancing images obtained from unmanned spacecrafts, space probes and military reconnaissance flights. Image Processing systems are becoming popular dueRead MoreA Brief Note On Web Mining And Web Materials Essay2441 Words   |  10 Pagesis the process to predict the web pages visited by the user based on the previously visited by the other users. The web pages may not only contain textual content but also other types of web data which may also audio files, video files and images. 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Thus, for storage and retrieval efficiency concerns, dimensionalityRead MoreThe Natural Language Processing ( Nlp )3111 Words   |  13 Pagesnewspaper. 1.1.2: Machine translation [b]: Automatically translate language from one human to another human. 1.1.4 Optical Character Recognition [b]: Optical Character Recognition is a process mechanical or electronic conversion of scanned or photographic image of typewritten or printed text into machine encode or computer readable text. 1.1.4 Speech recognition [b]: In speech recognition take a sound clip of the person and determine the textual representation of speech. 1.1.5 Speech segmentation [b]: InRead MoreThe Visual Recognition Of Image Patterns2724 Words   |  11 PagesAs a scientific discipline, computer vision is concerned with the extraction of information from images to be employed in a decision making process. The image data can take many forms, such as video sequences, still images, digitized maps, diagrams and sketches. These images may be in colour format, grey scale or in binary format. The common approach is to extract characteristic features from the image either in the spatial domain or in some suitable transform domain. Whether the goal is classificationRead MoreExamining The Functional Connectivity Of A Whole Brain Atlas1722 Words   |  7 Pagesof this technology and methodology can be found in both neurology research for deeper understanding of brain structure and function and for determining the effects of disease and outside influences on the brain. Sources have already examined the importance of functional connectivity in Alzheimer’s disease (Grady, et al. 2001) and anesthesia effectiveness (Nallasamy, et al. 2011). This kind of deeper understanding of disease could lead to improved methods of treating the many brain related disorders

Definitions of Environmental Science Legislation Free Essays

a.The Air Act, 1981 B.The Water Act, 1974 degree Celsiuss. We will write a custom essay sample on Definitions of Environmental Science Legislation or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Environment Protection act, 1986 vitamin D.The Wildlife Protection Act, 1971 vitamin E.Agenda-21 The Air Act, 1981 Definitions. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires, – ( a ) â€Å" air pollutant † means any solid, liquid or gaseous substance 2 [ ( including noise ) ] nowadays in the ambiance in such concentration as may be or be given to be deleterious to human existences or other life animals or workss or belongings or environment ; ( B ) â€Å" air pollution † means the presence in the ambiance of any air ( degree Celsius ) â€Å" approved contraptions † means any equipment or appliance used for the delivery of any combustible stuff or for bring forthing or devouring any smoke, gas of particulate affair and approved by the State Board for the intent of this Act ; ( vitamin D ) â€Å" approved fuel † means any fuel approved by the State Board for the intents of this Act ; ( vitamin E ) â€Å" car † means any vehicle powered either by internal burning engine or by any method of bring forthing power to drive such vehicle by firing fuel ; ( degree Fahrenheit ) â€Å" Board † means the Central Board or State Board ; ( g ) â€Å" Cardinal Board- means the 3 [ Central Board for the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution ] constituted under subdivision 3 of the Water ( Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act, 1974 ; ( H ) â€Å" chimney † includes any construction with an gap or mercantile establishment from or through which any air pollutant may be emitted, ( I ) â€Å" control equipment † means any setup, device, equipment or system to command the quality and mode of emanation of any air pollutant and includes any device used for procuring the efficient operation of any industrial works ; ( J ) â€Å" emanation † means any solid or liquid or gaseous substance coming out of any chimney, canal or fluke or any other mercantile establishment ; ( K ) â€Å" industrial works † means any works used for any industrial or trade intents and breathing any air pollutant into the ambiance ; ( cubic decimeter ) â€Å" member † means a member of the Central Board or a State Board, as the instance may be, and includes the Chairman thereof, 4 [ ( m ) â€Å" occupier † , in relation to any mill or premises, means the individual who has control over the personal businesss of the mill or the premises, and includes, in relation to any substance, the individual in posse ssion of the substance ; ] ( N ) â€Å" prescribed † agencies prescribed by regulations made under this Act by the Cardinal Government or as the instance may be, the State authorities ; ( O ) â€Å" State Board † mleans, – ( I ) in relation to a State in which the Water ( Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act, 1974, is in force and the State Government has constituted for that State a 5 [ State Board for the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution ] under subdivision 4 of that Act, the said State Board ; and ( two ) in relation to any other State, the State Board for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution constituted by the State Government under subdivision 5 of this Act. The Water Act, 1974 ( 1 ) This Act may be called the Water ( Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act, 1974. ( 2 ) It applies in the first case to the whole of the States of Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Tripura and West Bengal and the Union Territories ; and it shall use to such other State which adopts this Act by declaration passed in that behalf under clause ( 1 ) of article 252 of the Constitution. ( 3 ) It shall come into force, at one time in the States of Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Tripura and West Bengal and in the Union districts, and in any other State which adopts this Act under clause ( 1 ) of article 252 of the Constitution on the day of the month of such acceptance and any mention in this Act to the beginning of this Act shall, in relation to any State or Union district, mean the day of the month on which this Act comes into force in such State or Union district. DEFINITIONS. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires, – ( a ) â€Å" Board † means the Central Board or a State Board ; ( B ) â€Å" Central Board † means the Central Pollution Control Board Constituted under subdivision 3 ; ( degree Celsius ) â€Å" member † means a member of a Board and includes the president thereof ; ( vitamin D ) â€Å" occupier † , in relation to any mill or premises, means the individual who has control over the personal businesss of the mill or the premises, and includes, in relation to any substance, the individual in ownership of the substance ; ( vitamin D ) â€Å" mercantile establishment † includes any conduit pipe or channel, unfastened or closed transporting sewerage or trade wastewater or any other retention agreement which causes or is likely to do, pollution ; ( vitamin E ) â€Å" pollution † agencies such taint of H2O or such change of the physical, chemical or biological belongingss of H2O or such discharge of any sewerage or trade wastewater or of any other liquid, gaseous or solid substance into H2O ( whether straight or indirectly ) as may, or is likely to, make a nuisance or render such H2O harmful or deleterious to public wellness or safety, or to domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural or other legitimate utilizations, or to the life and wellness of animate beings or workss or of aquatic beings ; ( degree Fahrenheit ) â€Å" prescribed † agencies prescribed by regulations made under this Act by the Cardinal Government or, as the instance may be, the State Government ; ( g ) â€Å" sewage wastewater † means flush from any sewage system or sewerage disposal plants and includes sullage from unfastened drains ; ( gg ) â€Å" sewer † means any conduit pipe or channel, unfastened or closed, transporting sewerage or trade wastewater ; ( H ) â€Å" State Board † means a State Pollution Control Board constituted under subdivision 4 ( I ) â€Å" State Government † in relation to a Union district means the Administrator thereof appointed under article 239 of the Constitution ; ( J ) † watercourse † includes- ( I ) river ; ( two ) H2O class ( whether fluxing or for the clip being dry ) ; ( three ) inland H2O ( whether natural or unreal ) ; ( four ) sub-terranean Waterss ; ( V ) sea or tidal Waterss to such extent or, as the instance may be, to such point as the State Government may, by presentment in the Official Gazette, specify in this behalf ; ( K ) â€Å" trade wastewater † includes any liquid, gaseous or solid substance which is discharged from any premises used for transporting on any [ Industry, operation or procedure, or intervention and disposal system ] , other than domestic sewerage. Definition In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires, — ( a ) â€Å" environment † includes H2O, air and land and the inter- relationship which exists among and between H2O, air and land, and human existences, other life animals, workss, microorganism and belongings ; ( B ) â€Å" environmental pollutant † means any solid, liquid or gaseous substance nowadays in such concentration as may be, or be given to be, deleterious to environment ; ( degree Celsius ) â€Å" environmental pollution † means the presence in the environment of any environmental pollutant ; ( vitamin D ) â€Å" managing † , in relation to any substance, means the industry, processing, intervention, bundle, storage, transit, usage, aggregation, devastation, transition, offering for sale, transportation or the similar of such substance ; ( vitamin E ) â€Å" risky substance † means any substance or readying which, by ground of its chemical or physico-chemical belongingss or handling, is apt to do injury to human existences, other life animals, works, microorganism, belongings or the environment ; ( degree Fahrenheit ) â€Å" occupier † , in relation to any mill or premises, means a individual who has, control over the personal businesss of the mill or the premises and includes in relation to any substance, the individual in ownership of the substance ; ( g ) â€Å" prescribed † agencies prescribed by regulations made under this Act. e Environment Protection act, 1986 Power OF Cardinal GOVERNMENT TO TAKE MEASURES TO PROTECT AND IMPROVE ENVIRONMENT ( 1 ) Subject to the commissariats of this Act, the Cardinal Government, shall hold the power to take all such steps as it deems necessary or expedient for the intent of protecting and bettering the quality of the environment and forestalling commanding and slaking environmental pollution. ( 2 ) In peculiar, and without bias to the generalization of the commissariats of sub-section ( 1 ) , such steps may include steps with regard to all or any of the undermentioned affairs, viz. : — ( I ) co-ordination of actions by the State Governments, officers and other governments — ( a ) under this Act, or the regulations made thereunder, or ( B ) under any other jurisprudence for the clip being in force which is relatable to the objects of this Act ; ( two ) planning and executing of a nation-wide programme for the bar, control and suspension of environmental pollution ; ( three ) puting down criterions for the quality of environment in its assorted facets ; ( four ) puting down criterions for emanation or discharge of environmental pollutants from assorted beginnings whatsoever: Provided that different criterions for emanation or discharge may be laid down under this clause from different beginnings holding respect to the quality or composing of the emanation or discharge of environmental pollutants from such beginnings ; ( V ) limitation of countries in which any industries, operations or procedures or category of industries, operations or procedures shall non be carried out or shall be carried out capable to certain precautions ; ( six ) puting down processs and precautions for the bar of accidents which may do environmental pollution and remedial steps for such accidents ; ( seven ) puting down processs and precautions for the handling of risky substances ; ( eight ) scrutiny of such fabrication procedures, stuffs and substances as are likely to do environmental pollution ; ( nine ) transporting out and patronizing probes and research associating to jobs of environmental pollution ; ( ten ) review of any premises, works, equipment, machinery, fabrication or other procedures, stuffs or substances and giving, by order, of such waies to such governments, officers or individuals as it may see necessary to take stairss for the bar, control and suspension of environmental pollution ; ( eleven ) constitution or acknowledgment of environmental research labs and institutes to transport out the maps entrusted to such environmental research labs and institutes under this Act ; ( twelve ) aggregation and airing of information in regard of affairs associating to environmental pollution ; ( thirteen ) readying of manuals, codifications or ushers associating to the bar, control and suspension of environmental pollution ; ( fourteen ) such other affairs as the Cardinal Government deems necessary or expedient for the intent of procuring the effectual execution of the commissariats of this Act. ( 3 ) The Cardinal Government may, if it considers it necessary or expedient so to make for the intent of this Act, by order, published in the Official Gazette, constitute an authorization or governments by such name or names as may be specified in the order for the intent of exerting and executing such of the powers and maps ( including the power to publish waies under subdivision 5 ) of the Cardinal Government under this Act and for taking steps with regard to such of the affairs referred to in sub-section ( 2 ) as may be mentioned in the order and topic to the supervising and control of the Cardinal Government and the commissariats of such order, such authorization or governments may exert and powers or execute the maps or take the steps so mentioned in the order as if such authorization or governments had been empowered by this Act to exert those powers or execute those maps or take such steps. APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS AND THEIR POWERS AND FUNCTIONS ( 1 ) Without bias to the commissariats of sub-section ( 3 ) of subdivision 3, the Cardinal Government may name officers with such appellation as it thinks tantrum for the intents of this Act and may intrust to them such of the powers and maps under this Act as it may hold tantrum. ( 2 ) The officers appointed under sub-section ( 1 ) shall be capable to the general control and way of the Cardinal Government or, if so directed by that Government, besides of the authorization or governments, if any, constituted under sub- subdivision ( 3 ) of subdivision 3 or of any other authorization or officer. Power TO GIVE DIRECTIONS Notwithstanding anything contained in any other jurisprudence but capable to the commissariats of this Act, the Cardinal Government may, in the exercising of its powers and public presentation of its maps under this Act, issue waies in composing to any individual, officer or any authorization and such individual, officer or authorization shall be bound to follow with such waies. Explanation — For the turning away of uncertainties, it is herewith declared that the power to publish waies under this subdivision includes the power to direct — ( a ) the closing, prohibition or ordinance of any industry, operation or procedure ; or ( B ) arrest or ordinance of the supply of electricity or H2O or any other service. Rules TO REGULATE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION ( 1 ) The Cardinal Government may, by presentment in the Official Gazette, make regulations in regard of all or any of the affairs referred to in subdivision ( 2 ) In peculiar, and without bias to the generalization of the predating power, such regulations may supply for all or any of the undermentioned affairs, viz. : — ( a ) the criterions of quality of air, H2O or dirt for assorted countries and intents ; ( B ) the maximal allowable bounds of concentration of assorted environmental pollutants ( including noise ) for different countries ; ( degree Celsius ) the processs and precautions for the handling of risky substances ; ( vitamin D ) the prohibition and limitations on the handling of risky substances in different countries ; ( vitamin E ) the prohibition and limitation on the location of industries and the transporting on procedure and operations in different countries ; ( degree Fahrenheit ) the processs and precautions for the bar of accidents which may do environmental pollution and for supplying for remedial steps for such accidents. The Wildlife Protection Act, 1971 The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 is an Indian statute law enacted by the Parliament of India for protection of workss and carnal species. Before 1972, India merely had five designated national Parkss. Among other reforms, the Act established agendas of protected works and carnal species ; runing or reaping these species was mostly outlawed. The Act provides for the protection of wild animate beings, birds and workss ; and for affairs connected therewith or accessory or incidental thereto. It extends to the whole of India, except the State of Jammu and Kashmir which has its ain wildlife act. It has six agendas which give changing grades of protection. Agenda I and portion II of Schedule II supply absolute protection – offenses under these are prescribed the highest punishments. Speciess listed in Schedule III and Schedule IV are besides protected, but the punishments are much lower. Schedule V includes the animate beings which may be hunted. The workss in Schedule VI are prohibited from cultivation and planting. The hunting to the Enforcement governments have the power to intensify offenses under this Schedule ( i.e. they impose mulcts on the wrongdoers ) . Up to April 2010 there have been 16 strong beliefs under this act associating to the decease of Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams. Definition * â€Å" carnal † includes amphibious vehicles, birds, mammals, and reptilians, and their immature, and besides includes, in the instances of birds and reptilians, their eggs. * â€Å" carnal article † means an article made from any confined or wild animate being, other than varmints, and includes an article or object in which the whole or any portion of such animate being has been used and an article made therefrom. * â€Å" hunting † includes ( a ) capturing, killing, poisoning, traping, or pin downing any wild animate being, and every effort to make so ( B ) driving any wild animate being for any of the intents specified in bomber clause ( degree Celsius ) injuring, destructing or taking any body portion of any such animate being, or in the instance of wild birds or reptilians, upseting or damaging the eggs or nests of such birds or reptilians. * â€Å" taxidermy † means the hardening, readying or saving of trophies. * â€Å" trophy † means the whole or any portion of any confined or wild animate being ( other than varmint ) which has been kept or preserved by any agencies, whether unreal or natural. This includes: ( a ) carpet, teguments, and specimens of such animate beings mounted in whole or in portion through a procedure of taxidermy ( B ) antler, horn, rhinoceros horn, feather, nail, tooth, musk, eggs, and nests. * â€Å" uncured trophy † means the whole or any portion of any confined animate being ( other than varmint ) which has non undergone a procedure of taxidermy. This includes a newly killed wild animate being, ambergris, musk and other carnal merchandises. * â€Å" varmint † means any wild animate being specified in Schedule V. * â€Å" wildlife † includes any animate being, bees, butterflies, crustacean, fish and moths ; and aquatic or land flora which forms portion of any home ground Agenda-21 Agenda 21 is a non-binding, voluntarily implemented action program of the United Nations with respect to sustainable development. [ 1 ] It is a merchandise of the UN Conference on Environment and Development ( UNCED ) held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992. It is an action docket for the UN, other many-sided organisations, and single authoritiess around the universe that can be executed at local, national, and planetary degrees. The â€Å" 21 † in Agenda 21 refers to the twenty-first Century. It has been affirmed and modified at subsequent UN conferences. Structure and contents Agenda 21 is a 300-page papers divided into 40 chapters that have been grouped into 4 subdivisions: * Section I: Social and Economic Dimensions is directed toward battling poorness, particularly in developing states, altering ingestion forms, advancing wellness, accomplishing a more sustainable population, and sustainable colony in determination devising. * Section II: Conservation and Management of Resources for Development Includes atmospheric protection, battling deforestation, protecting delicate environments, preservation of biological diverseness ( biodiversity ) , control of pollution and the direction of biotechnology, and radioactive wastes. * Section III: Strengthening the Role of Major Groups includes the functions of kids and young person, adult females, NGOs, local governments, concern and industry, and workers ; and beef uping the function of autochthonal peoples, their communities, and husbandmans. * Section IV: Meanss of Execution: execution includes scientific discipline, engineering transportation, instruction, international establishments and fiscal mechanisms. 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Monopoly profits

A monopoly is a market structure characterized by only one supplier but many buyers. The one firm which supplies the entire market has enormous market power to determine both the price as well as the quantity supplied to the market.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Monopoly profits specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the process, they not only produce at high prices in comparison with a competitive market structure but they also produce less than the optimum quantities required in the market. The monopoly firms thus make super normal profits and are considered inefficient. The main causes of the existence of monopolies are the barriers to entry resulting from several factors. First are the natural monopolies which occur due to the fact that only the firm is able to access resources used in the production of the final product. Factors such as high cost of entry, government policies as well as limitations in technol ogy also lead to the existence of monopolies (Price and Output under a Pure Monopoly, 2010, para3). The graph below depicts the monopoly market structure. Notably, the Marginal Revenue curve is downward sloping as the firm can determine both the price as well as quantities. It is also important to note that all firms produce at the point where the Marginal Revenue Curve (MR) meets with the Marginal Cost curve (MC). Total Revenue (TR) refers to the entire inflow of revenues resulting from the firm’s economic activity. By this definition, the TR can be derived by obtaining the product of the total quantity (Q) sold by the price (P) at which they are sold at. Consequently, TR=P*Q.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From the graph above, the price follows the Y-axis while the Quantity follows the X-axis. Again, the demand curve is the path along which the firm must produce. Bearing in mind that MR must equate to MR, then, the firm is producing at point J which represents Quantity E and Price A. Therefore, the equation TR=P*Q is represented by the Rectangle 0EJA which is the total revenue of the firm. Total Cost (TC) on the other hand refers to the sum of expenditure incurred during the production of the quantity produced by the firm. It is the product of the Average Total Cost (ATC) and the total quantities (Q) produced. Consequently TC=ATC (Q). At the level of production E, the TC is defined at point H by the Rectangle 0EHB. Profits (  ) refer to the excess of Total Revenues over Total Costs. That is   = TR-TC In the Graph, The difference can be interpreted as the difference between Rectangle 0EJA and 0EHB. This is represented by the Rectangle BHJA. The case of a firm operating in a perfectly competitive market structure differs from the monopoly mainly due to the fact that the firm cannot determine the price or the quantity due to the presence o f many buyers and many sellers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Monopoly profits specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The MR curve equates to the demand curve at a level where MR which defining the level of price. Notably, the competition ensures that the firms produce at the levels where the average cost curve is at minimum. Therefore production is done at the level where MR=AR=AC=MC. In the graph the point would be K where the level of output is at L. Clearly, this level of output is higher than in the case of a monopoly. Reference List Cooperative Games, (2010). Learningforlife. Web. Osborne, M., (2007). Nash Equilibrium: Theory. Retrieved from https://www.economics.utoronto.ca/osborne/igt/nash.pdf Price and Output under a Pure Monopoly, (2010). Tutor2u.Retrieved from https://www.tutor2u.net/economics/reference/monopoly-price-and-output-for-a-monopolist This essay on Monopoly profits was written and submitted by user Eli W. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.